Network Configuration for IP Cameras — Subnets, DHCP, and VLANs

Introduction

Designing a CCTV system is more than picking cameras. Proper system design considers camera count, placement, lens selection, recording capacity, network infrastructure, and remote access—all tailored to the specific risks and layout of the site.

Step 1: Site Survey

Walk the site and document every area that needs coverage. Note distances, lighting conditions, entry points, and obstructions. A floor plan or satellite image helps visualise camera positions and identify blind spots.

Step 2: Camera Selection and Placement

Match each location to the right camera type: domes for indoor ceilings, bullets for outdoor perimeters, PTZ for wide yards, and turrets for versatile mounting. Choose resolution, lens, and night-vision technology based on the specific requirements of each point.

Step 3: NVR and Storage Sizing

Calculate total bandwidth and storage based on camera count, resolution, frame rate, and codec (H.265+ recommended). A 16-camera 4 MP system using H.265+ at 15 fps needs approximately 200 GB per day—a 6 TB HDD covers about 30 days.

Step 4: Network Infrastructure

Plan the cable routes, switch locations, and rack placement. Use Cat 6 cable for future-proofing. Ensure each switch has enough PoE budget and uplink bandwidth. Label every cable for easy troubleshooting later.

Step 5: Remote Access Setup

Configure Hik-Connect P2P or set up port forwarding for remote viewing. Secure the system with strong passwords, firmware updates, and HTTPS. Define user roles so operators see only the cameras relevant to their responsibilities.

FastEgy Recommendation

FastEgy offers free professional system design for projects of all sizes. Our engineers conduct on-site surveys and deliver a detailed proposal including camera maps, equipment lists, and cost breakdowns. Contact us to schedule your site visit.